Collateral Damage Estimation Practice Test 2026 – Complete Exam Prep

Proportionality in armed conflict asks you to balance a legitimate military objective with the likely harm to civilians and civilian property. It requires that the force used in any action is not excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage sought. This means you may proceed with an operation only if the expected civilian damage is not disproportionate to the military gain. It does not require zero civilian harm, nor does it permit ignoring civilian harm or maxing out force regardless of consequences. The description that best fits is the one that says you must not act in a way that is unreasonable or excessive, even when the action is justified.